Grammatical Gender in Amora'i Language

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Linguistics faculty - Buali Sina University

2 Linguistics Department, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

Abstract

This study investigated grammatical gender in Āmora’I language. This language is spoken in Āmora village in Khalajestan rural area in Qom province. It has two grammatical genders: Masculine and Feminine. Feminine gender is marked by inflectional suffixes '-a' and '-iya'. This suffix appears as -a in consonant ending words and -iya in vowel ending words. These markers are added to nouns, pronouns, indefiniteness markers, adjectives and verbs to distinguish the gender of a word. The grammatical gender of the verb, adjective, pronoun and indefinite marker is determined based on the gender of head in noun phrase. The gender agreement is a regular-based method for distinguishing the gender of nouns in the rest of the components of the sentence. The gender agreement of verbs with adjectives is also observed with any type of noun (human, animate and inanimate) and with plural nouns. While indefinite marker agreement can be seen only in singular names attributed to humans. The verb gender agreement is only possible for past tenses. In this agreement, although third person singular pronoun which expresses the gender marker but also, it is true for all other persons.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

امینی، عطیه. (1399). مطالعه زبان آمُره­ای. پایان­نامة کارشناسی ارشد. همدان: دانشگاه بوعلی سینا.
تفضلی، احمد. (1399). آمُره­ای، دانشنامه بزرگ اسلامی، ج 2، صفحة 501، شمارة مقاله 501؛ مرکز دائرةالمعارف بزرگ اسلامی.
راسخ­مهند، محمد. (1392). واژه­بست­های ضمیری در گویش راجی. زبان­ها و گویش­های ایرانی، (1)، صص. 161-170.
رزم‌آرا، حسینعلی  (1328-1332). فرهنگ جغرافیایی ایران، نشر دایره جغرافیایی ستاد ارتش شاهنشاهی ایران، استان مرکزی، ج 1، صص. 22.
رضایی، والی و سید غیاث­الدین رضویان. (1395). نظام جنس دستوری در گویش جوشقانی. فصلنامه ادبیات و زبان­های محلی ایران­ زمین، (14)، صص. 66-43.
صائب، رضا (1357). گویش آمره­ای، رساله دکتری زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه تهران.
Brugmann, K. (1897). The nature and Origin of the Noun Genders in the Indo-European Languages: A lecture delivered on the occasion of the Sesquicentennial Celebration of Princeton University, Translated by Edmund Y. Robbins, New York: C. Scribner's sons.
Corbett, G. G. (2014). The expression of gender. The expression of Cognitive categories (ECC). Vol 6. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
Corbett, G. G. (2007). Gender and noun classes. In T. Shopen, Language typology and syntactic description. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 241-279.
Grimm, J. (1831). Deutsche grammatik III. London & New York: Routledge.
Herder, J. G. (1772). Abhandlung uber den ursprung der sprache. Berlin: Akademie der Wissenschaften.
Humboldt, W.  (1827). Letre a M. Abel-Remusat sur la nature des forms grammaticales en general et sur la genie de la langue chinoise en particular. Paris: Dondey-Dupre.
Lecoq, P. (accessed on 30 December 2012). “ĀMORAʾĪ,” Encyclopædia Iranica, I/9, pp. 985-986, available online at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/morai-the-dialect-spoken-in-amora-a-village-in-the-sahrestan-of-tafres.
Maggi, M., & Orsatti, P. (2018). From Old to New Persian. In The Oxford Handbook of Persian Linguistics.  
Yarshater, E. (1969).  “ĀŠTĪĀNI,” Encyclopaedia Iranica, II/8, pp. 848-849, available online at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/astiani-dialect (accessed on 07 November 2021).
Yarshater, E. (1982).  “ʿABYĀNAʾĪ,” Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition, 1982, available at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/abyanai-the-dialect-spoken-in-the-village-of-abyana  (accessed on 07 November 2021).
Journal of Iranian Dialects & Linguistics
Volume 6, Issue 1 - Serial Number 8
September 2021
Pages 99-123

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 02 June 2021
  • Revise Date: 04 October 2021
  • Accept Date: 07 September 2021

Share

How to cite

Statistics